Bauhaus
Bauhaus is the style that was under significant influence of modernism. The style name originated from the Bauhaus school founded by Walter Gropius in Weimar in 1919. Walter Gropious believed deeply in Gesamtkunstwerk ("total project ") that related to connection of all art fields what was symbolized with name of the school comprising from two German words: bauen (to build) and der Hause (a house). The purpose of the school was to provide education for artists regarding industrial designing.
The school was established from connection of two schools: the Academy of Fine Arts (Sachsische Hochschule fur Bildende Kunst) and the Art Craft School (Sachsische Kunstgewerbeschułe) in Weimar.

Initially Bauhaus was under influence of Johannes Itten, an artist whose teaching was based on "intuition and method "and "subjective experience and objective transfer". Together with two other creators Lyonel Feininger (1871-1956) and Gerhard Marcks (1889-1981) Itten Dyl conducted annual courses. During this course students mastered basics, with regard to designing and colour theory.

Teachers from this school were called masters and students were called journeymen. Following an initial course, students were learning minimum one trade in one of many classrooms. Itten was engaged in the sect associated with mazdaism (movement similar to zaratustrians, that promoted internal harmony, meditation and vegetarianism). Itten tried to make use of these values in art designing. Yet Gropius had quite opposite opinion with regard to these fascinations.

In December 1922 Itten left the school and the same expressionsism period in Bauhaus ended. His successors: Josef Albers and Laszló Moholy--Nagy had quite more industrial approach and organized practice in plants as a part of training. Although Bauhaus was the state school it concentrated majority of political opposition in Weimar. To ensure further support of the State the school organized special exhibition in 1923 that presented works of Bauhause and achievement of designers e.g."Red/Blue chair" by Gerrit Thomas Rietveld. The exhibition presented a contemporary graphic designing style under inspiration of de Stijl and Russian constructivism but it missed its goal and financial grant was suspended when Weimer confirmed its support for NSDAP (National Socialist German Workers" Party) as it did not find approval of authorities.
Following many disagreements the school was moved to Dessau in 1925.

The city was under influence of NSDAP. After the movement financial support from the USA followed in the form of credit granted under Dawes program. The support was provided on condition of some funding provided by the school that was to sell produced products. Bauhaus movement into the new location in Dessau followed in 1926. The building was designed by Gropius, and interiors, furniture and finish by students and personnel. The plan of new school featured with new assumptions, or industrial functionalism. It was also the time when school terminated contacts with guilds. The school granted its own diplomas and masters were entitled professors. In 1925 Bauhaus GmbH was established with a goal to sell products manufactured in the school. Unfortunately even the catalogue prepared by Herbert Bayer did not improve sales results, as most of the items were not suitable for industrial production. As a result after many unsuccessful attempts to establish cooperation with external plants Gropius transferred power over the school to Hans Meyer.

During his short term during 1928-1930, Meyer was very successful and thanks to it Bauhaus style entered on the market. In spite of the fact that Meyer was not very fond of Marxist inclinations, he tried to politicize Bauhaus by introduction of economy, psychology and Marxism classes. Besides he introduced more scientific approach to designing.

In 1930 Ludwig Mieś van der Rohe took over authority over the school. His goal was depoliticizing so he closed the institution on 9 September 1930. All students were forced to compete for school when it was opened in the next semester. Besides, the new program was established. An annual initial course was no longer mandatory, and architecture became the main field of studies. Functional art was continued with reservation that it was limited to items manufactured within industrial production. In spite of the fact that national socialists later on won power in Dessau, unstable political situation forced authorities to close the school after one year operation.

Before NSDAP took-over the power in Berlin, Bauhaus was reopened as a private school.