
Craftsmen manufactured for rich people more and more diverse and posh items that met the tastes for luxury and new aesthetics. For many people it was indispensable to possess books, papers, documents, maps as they , were fond of jewellery, elegant dresses, table settings and table sets as well as peculiar items as musical instruments, timers, compasses, globes and works of art. All these items required a space to store and exhibit. Besides coffee tables and stools also chairs of different types appeared. All these items that were gradually introduced into modest Renaissance residential apartments initiated process of „full furnishings" of the modern world interiors. Rich Italian mansions were provided with New types of furniture:
• CASSONE: a chest with a pivoting lid, usually made from walnut timber (most often Renaissance furniture was made out of this timber), large and with paintings or carved with architectonic elements or allegoric and mythology scenes. Cassone was a traditional wedding or dowry chest of a bride and as that it became a significant symbol of wealth and power of families that were tied together on the basis of a marriage. Small cassoni used to be used as jewellery cases or other precious items.
• CASSAPANCA: a type of cassone along with a backrest and side arms; a piece of furniture purposed for seating as well as for storing of clothes.
• CREDENZA: a type of tall sideboard. Used as a sideboard or ancillary table to store silver, china tableware, dishes and tableclothes.
• SEDIA: a type of robust chair with four square legs and arms. A seat and backrest was woven from leather belts nailed to rails with nails, whose heads provided for decoration.
• SGABELLO: a type of stool or little straight chair with a board providing for a rest, very often with three legs; a seat might be octagonal. Posh furniture decorated with rich woodcarving. The perfect example of this furniture was sgabello from Palazzo Strozzi.
• SAYONAROLI CHAIR: a folded armchair made from many bent, crossed wooden slats; it was a very popular piece of furniture. The name came after a famous preacher who probably liked this kind of chair very much.
• DANTE CHAIR: a type of chair similar to Savonaroli chair, "but with more robust frame , with crossed slats but provided with a cushion and fabric providing for a rest.
Tables were made from boards laid on trestles, bases or carved stone base plates. Little paintings were framed into decorative frames resembling to small temple facades. Mirrors made in Venice were small, but provided with rich frames. Spaces were illuminated with candles set in a candlastick laid on a table, floor or attached to a wall. Outside and large halls were provided with torches that were placed in special stands called TORCHERE; also purposed for candles.
The Italian love for music was evident in manufacturing of perfect musical instruments, including also keybord inserted into little furniture. Little harpsichord called spinetto was portable and of small size so that it was possible to place it on a table. Larger ones built from thin and light timber required an adequate chest on legs or base and resembled contemporary piano. Chest for instruments were very often carved, painted or inlaid.
Carpaccio, Św. Augustyn w pracowni, ok. 1502
The Saint is seating in a large workshop, where a table is located on the platform. There is a green wall in the background and cladding of green colour. Doorframe made from red marble or painted timber. A chair and stand on the left are of irregular shape and strange supports of the table provide for a funny concept of an artist, but many items on shelves, on the table and in its vicinity and also on the floor are typical appliances belonging to the scholar. A red alcove makes for a small private chapel. A wooden sand colour ceiling is provided with geometric patterns.
Source: John Pile "Historia Wnętrz", Arkady 2000















